Today, the federal government representatives of
Chechnya are based in Grozny. Reconstruction is
progressing. By June 2006, out of more than 60,000
apartment buildings and private homes destroyed, 900
have been rebuilt. Out of several dozens of
industrial enterprises, three have been partially
rebuilt ¡X the Grozny Machine-Building Factory, the
Krasny Molot (Red Hammer) and Transmash factories.
The railway communication was restored in 2005, and
Grozny's Severny airport was reopened in 2007 with
three weekly flights to Moscow. Most of the city's
infrastructure was destroyed and many continue to
live in ruined buildings without heating and running
water, even as electricity was mostly restored since
2006, as the city has undergone substantial
reconstruction.[9] Before the war, Grozny had about
79,000 apartments, and the city authorities expect
to be able to restore about 45,000 apartments; the
rest were in the buildings that were completely
destroyed.[10]
After four years of construction, the Grozny Mosque
was formally opened to the public on October 16,
2008 and is considered one of the largest mosques in
Europe. In 2009 the city of Grozny was honored by
the UN Human Settlements Programme for transforming
the war scarred city and providing new homes for
thousands.[11
The city is divided into four administrative city
districts: Leninsky, Zavodskoy, Staropromyslovsky,
and Oktyabrsky. All of the districts are
residential, but Staropromyslovsky district is also
the city's main illegal oil drilling area, and
Oktyabrsky district hosts most of the city's
industry. Grozny was known for its modern
architecture and as a spa town but nearly all the
town was destroyed or seriously damaged during the
Chechen Wars. It is home to Chechen State University
and FC Terek Grozny, which after a 15 year absence
from its hometown, returned to Grozny in March 2008.
Also in Grozny is Chechen State Pedagogical
Institute.
Transport
The first train pulled into the Grozny Railway
station on May 1, 1893. On
November 5, 1932, Grozny Tram was opened to the
public, and by 1990 was 85 kilometres long, and 107
factory-fresh KTM-5 trams that it received in the
late 1980s, and two depots. The Grozny Trolley,
began operation in December 31, 1975, and by 1990
was approximately 60 kilometres with 58 buses and
one depot. Both versions of transport came under
difficult pressure in the early 1990s, with frequent
theft of equipment, lack of pay to the staff and
resultant strikes. A major planned Trolley extension
to the airport was cancelled. With the outbreak of
the First Chechen War both transport services
stopped operation. During the destructive battles,
the tram tracks were blocked or damaged, cars and
buses were turned into barricades. The trolley was
more lucky, as most of its equipment, including the
depot survived the war. In 1996 it was visited by
specialists from the Vologda Trolley Company, who
repaired some of the lines, with service planned to
be re-started in 1997. However after they returned,
most of the equipment was stolen, and instead the
surviving buses were transported to Volzhsky where
they were re-paired and used in the new Trolley
system.
After the Second Chechen War, little of the
infrastructure of both systems was left. The created
Ministry of Transport of the Chechen Republic in
2002, decided not to build the tram (rated as too
expensive, and not answering to the city's needs,
which lost half of its population since). The
trolley however was more fortunate, and despite
delays, Grozny hopes to open it by 2010.
Grozny is home to Russian Premier League club FC
Terek Grozny. After winning promotion by coming 2nd
in 2007 Russian First Division, Terek Grozny
finished 10th in Russian Premier League 2008. The
team is owned by Ramzan Kadyrov and play in the
city's Sultan Bilimkhanov Stadium.
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